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1.	Which of the following is in the sequence of North to South?
A	Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu
B	Kyushu, Kuril Islands, Hiroshima, Honshu
C	Nagasaki, Hiroshima, Honshu, Hakkaido
D	Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, Shikoku
E
Answer	A
Instruction
Solution	The four main islands of Japan, in sequence from North to South, are Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. 1.Hokkaido is the northernmost island. 2.Honshu is the largest and main island, located south of Hokkaido. 3.Shikoku is the smallest of the main islands, situated south of Honshu. 4.Kyushu is the southwesternmost of the four major islands.

2.	What is the Gobardhan portal?
A	The primary objective is to streamline the process of setting up CBG/Biogas plants in the country
B	It is an e-learning platform providing courses on sustainable agriculture and organic farming practices, launched by NITI Aayog
C	It is an e-commerce website for selling organic dairy products and promoting sustainable dairy farming, initiated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare
D	The Gobardhan portal is a digital platform aimed at promoting sustainable management of livestock waste.
E
Answer	A
Instruction
Solution	The Gobardhan portal is a digital platform created to facilitate and speed up the establishment of biogas and compressed biogas (CBG) plants, promoting waste-to-energy and sustainable waste management.

3.	What are the Unmesha and Utkarsh festivals?
A	Unmesha is the International Literature Festival and Utkarsh Festival of Folk and Tribal Performing Arts
B	Unmesha and Utkarsh festivals are traditional harvest festivals celebrated in South India.
C	Unmesha and Utkarsh festivals are religious festivals dedicated to honouring deities and seeking blessings for prosperity.
D	Unmesha is the Dance Festival and Utkarsh Festival of Folk and Tribal Performing Arts
E
Answer	A
Instruction
Solution	Unmesha is Asia's largest literature festival and Utkarsh festival showcases the folk and tribal Performing Arts. These festivals were organised by Sahitya Akademi and Sangeet Natak Akademi.

4.	Who called the constitution a ‘Sacred Document’?
A	BR Ambedkar
B	Mahatma Gandhi
C	Jawahar Lal Nehru
D	APJ Abdul Kalam
E
Answer	A
Instruction
Solution	Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, the Chairman of the Drafting Committee, described the Indian Constitution as a “Sacred Document” because it embodies the fundamental values and rights of the nation.

5.	What is Trachoma?
A	Trachoma is a viral infection transmitted by mosquitoes, causing fever and joint pain.
B	Trachoma is a bacterial infection affecting the lungs, causing respiratory symptoms and pneumonia.
C	Trachoma is a parasitic disease transmitted by contaminated water, leading to gastrointestinal symptoms and dehydration.
D	Trachoma is a bacterial infection of the eyes, causing repeated infections, scarring and blindness if left untreated.
E
Answer	D
Instruction
Solution	Recently, Iraq became the 50th country to be acknowledged by the United Nations health agency for eliminating at least one neglected tropical disease globally.

6.	‘Kallar’ belonged to which region of British India?
A	Rangpur
B	Kashmir
C	Kolhapur
D	Madurai
E
Answer	D
Instruction
Solution	This tribe is known for their revolt against Britishers.

7.	Which Committee doesn't have representation in Rajya Sabha and which is the largest?
A	Public Accounts Committee and Committee on Finance
B	Committee on Public Undertakings and Committee on Health and Family Welfare
C	Committee on Government Assurances and Estimates Committee
D	Estimates Committee and Estimates Committee
E
Answer	D
Instruction
Solution	Committee on Finance has only Lok Sabha members, so it does not include Rajya Sabha representation. Public Accounts Committee (PAC) is the largest parliamentary committee, having 22 members (15 from Lok Sabha and 7 from Rajya Sabha).

8.	Which state has the diamond mines in India?
A	Kerala
B	Madhya Pradesh
C	Tamil Nadu
D	Karnataka
E
Answer	B
Instruction
Solution	Panna in Madhya Pradesh is the biggest centre of diamond mining in India.

9.	Consider the following statements about the Committee of Parliament on Official Language 1. The Union Home chairs this committee 2. The committee consists of 20 members, 10 MPs from Lok Sabha and 10 MPs from Rajya Sabha Select the correct option;
A	1 only
B	Neither 1 nor 2
C	Both 1 and 2
D	Neither 1 and 2
E
Answer	A
Instruction
Solution	1. Statement 1 is correct 2. Statement 2 is incorrect because The committee consists of 30 members, 20 MPs from Lok Sabha and 10 MPs from Rajya Sabha.

10.	Consider the following statements about Durand Cup 1. It is related to Cricket 2. It is Asia’s oldest and the world’s third-oldest cricket tournament 3. The tournament is named after its founder Sir Henry Mortimer Durand Select the correct option
A	1 and 2
B	2 and 3
C	3 only
D	All of the above
E
Answer	C
Instruction
Solution	Recently, the Union Ministry of Defence inaugurated the 132nd edition of the Durand Cup in Kokrajhar and its first edition took place in Shimla in 1888.

11.	Consider the following statements about Indian Eagle-Owl 1. It is also known as the Bengal eagle-owl 2. Females are slightly smaller than male 3. The IUCN status is endangered Select the correct option;
A	1 and 3
B	2 and 3
C	1 only
D	All of the above
E
Answer	C
Instruction
Solution	1. Statement 1 is correct. It is also known as rock eagle-owl 2. Statement 2 is incorrect because females are slightly larger than males 3. Statement 3 is incorrect because the IUCN status is Least Concern.

12.	What is Luna-25?
A	It is a space mission by NASA
B	It is a lunar landing spacecraft by Russia
C	It is a joint space mission by NASA and ISRO
D	It is the first recyclable satellite
E
Answer	B
Instruction
Solution	Luna 25 is a lunar landing spacecraft by Russia which is targeted to the south polar region of the Moon.

13.	Match the Column ; Column 1 1. Baguio 2. Typhoons 3. Hurricanes 4. Willy-Willy Column 2 A. China B. Philippines C. USA D. Australia Options
A	1-D, 2-B, 3-C, 4-A
B	1-A, 2-B, 3-C, 4-D
C	1-D, 2-B, 3-A, 4-C
D	1-B, 2-A, 3-C, 4-D
E
Answer	D
Instruction
Solution	Baguio → used in the Philippines Typhoons → term used in China / Western Pacific Hurricanes → used in the USA / Atlantic region Willy-willy → local name in Australia

14.	Which is the largest river in the world in terms of drainage area is 1. Nile 2. Amazon 3. Ganga 4. Congo
A	Nile
B	Amazon
C	Ganga
D	Congo
E
Answer	B
Instruction
Solution	The Amazon is a river in South America.

15.	Recently, Takakia was seen in the news. What is it?
A	Takakia is a Japanese Cuisine
B	Takakia is a type of moss
C	Takakia is the world’s first wooden satellite made by Japan
D	Takakia is a newly found fungus
E
Answer	B
Instruction
Solution	It is a small nonvascular spore-bearing land plant and it is threatened by climate change.

16.	Consider the following statements 1. Rajya Sabha has no power to amend or reject a Money Bill 2. Rajya Sabha is not allowed to discuss Annual Financial Statements 3. Rajya Sabha cannot vote on Demands for Grants Select the incorrect option;
A	1 and 3
B	2 and 3
C	1 and 2
D	2 only
E
Answer	A
Instruction
Solution	1. Statement 1 is correct. According to Art 109 of the Indian Constitution, the Rajya Sabha or Council of States shall not introduce a Money bill. Money Bill should be passed by the Lower House/ House of People and then transmitted to the Upper House/ Rajya Sabha 2. Statement 2 is incorrect because the Rajya Sabha is allowed to discuss Annual Financial Statements but doesn't have any power to vote 3. Statement 3 is correct.

17.	Which Article of the Indian Constitution empowers the Governor to issue the ordinance?
A	Art 212
B	Art 213
C	Art 123
D	Art 221
E
Answer	B
Instruction
Solution	Article 213 gives power to the Governor to promulgate an Ordinance.

18.	Who led the 1857 Revolt in Bihar?
A	Raja Shahzada Singh
B	Babu Amar Singh
C	Hare Krishna Singh
D	Kunwar Singh
E
Answer	D
Instruction
Solution	Kunwar Singh, a zamindar of Jagdishpur (Bihar), led the 1857 Revolt in Bihar and became one of its most prominent regional leaders.

19.	Who founded the ‘Lathi Club’?
A	Bal Gangadhar Tilak
B	Lala Lajpat Rai
C	Bipin Chandra Pal
D	Bhagat Singh
E
Answer	A
Instruction
Solution	Other clubs started by Bal Gangadhar Tilak are Hindu Akhada, Ganapati Mahotsava and Shivaji Mahotsava.

20.	What is the scientific name for the Flying Fox bat?
A	Pteropus hypomelanus
B	Pteropus giganteus
C	Pteropus vampyrus
D	Pteropus alecto
E
Answer	B
Instruction
Solution	It is a fruit-eating flying fox (Pteropus giganteus) which is generally considered a vermin as they raid orchards.

21.	Legionnaire’s disease is related to which system of the human body?
A	Excretory System
B	Digestive System
C	Respiratory System
D	Circulatory System
E
Answer	C
Instruction
Solution	It is a severe form of pneumonia caused by a bacterium known as legionella.

22.	What is hydroponics farming?
A	Hydroponics farming is a traditional agricultural method that relies on soil-based cultivation and natural sunlight for plant growth.
B	Hydroponics farming is a technique that involves growing plants in water-based nutrient solutions without soil, using artificial lighting to support photosynthesis.
C	Hydroponics farming is a form of aquaculture focused on cultivating aquatic plants and fish together in integrated systems.
D	Hydroponics farming is a method of growing plants underwater, utilising specialised equipment to provide oxygen and nutrients to plant roots.
E
Answer	B
Instruction
Solution	Hydroponics means soil-less cultivation, where plant roots grow in nutrient-rich water, sometimes supported by artificial light. Other options describe traditional farming, aquaponics, or incorrect methods.

23.	Hathigumpha is the source for which king?
A	Harshvardhan
B	Ashok
C	Kharvela
D	Kanishka
E
Answer	C
Instruction
Solution	Hathigumpha Inscription was found in Odisha.

24.	Who is the founder of the Ghaznavid Dynasty?
A	Mahmud
B	Alptigin
C	Sebuktigin
D	Ismail
E
Answer	C
Instruction
Solution	Alptigin was a Turkish slave-general of the Samanids who laid the foundation of Ghaznavid rule by capturing Ghazni. His successors, especially Mahmud of Ghazni, expanded the Ghaznavid Empire.

25.	At the mouth of which river the “Bird’s foot” type delta is formed?
A	Congo
B	Mississippi
C	Danube
D	Nile
E
Answer	B
Instruction
Solution	Delta is a depositional feature of a river formed at the mouth of the river and is a characteristic feature of a river in its senile stage. Bird’s foot is also known as Finger Delta.

26.	The Federal Court of India was established by which act and who was the first Chief Justice
A	Government of India Act, 1909; Lemaister
B	Government of India Act, 1919; Elijah Impey
C	Government of India Act, 1935; Maurice Gwyer
D	Regulating Act, 1773; Satyendra Prasad Sinha
E
Answer	C
Instruction
Solution	It was established on 1st October 1937.

27.	Consider the following statements about the ‘PM-eBus Sewa’ Scheme’. 1. Under the PM-eBus Sewa Scheme, 1000 e-buses will be deployed across cities in the country. 2. The bus operations will be done on the Public Private Partnership (PPP) model. 3. Due to the PPP model for bus operations, no subsidies will be provided. Select the incorrect options;
A	1 and 3
B	2 and 3
C	2 only
D	All of the above
E
Answer	A
Instruction
Solution	1. Statement 1 is incorrect because, under this scheme, 10,000 e-buses will be deployed across various cities in the country 2. Statement 2 is correct 3. Statement 3 is incorrect because the Central Government will support these bus operations by providing a subsidy.

28.	Consider the following statements about Floating Interest Rate 1. A floating interest rate is an interest rate that changes periodically 2. A floating interest rate can also be referred to as an adjustable or variable interest rate 3. Floating Interest Rate = Base Rate + Spread. How many statements are incorrect?
A	1 statement
B	2 statement
C	All of them are incorrect
D	All of them are correct
E
Answer	D
Instruction
Solution	Statement 1: A floating interest rate is an interest rate that changes periodically. Correct — by definition, floating (variable) rates change over time. Statement 2: A floating interest rate is also called adjustable or variable interest rate. Correct — these terms are commonly used interchangeably. Statement 3: Floating Interest Rate = Base Rate + Spread. Correct — floating rates are usually calculated this way. Since all three statements are correct, Correct answer: “All of them are correct.”

29.	What was the objective of the Ilbert Bill?
A	To conduct the Administrative Services Exam in India
B	To bring equal status to both Indians and Europeans as far as the penal jurisdiction of courts was concerned
C	To nominate official members to Legislature
D	To take strict actions against the local press who post anticolonial news
E
Answer	B
Instruction
Solution	The bill was introduced in 1883 by Viceroy Ripon.

30.	Match the Column; Column 1 1. Kuldiha Wildlife Sanctuary 2. Indira Gandhi Memorial Tulip Garden 3. Chail Wildlife Sanctuary 4. Jambughoda Wildlife Sanctuary Column 2 A. Himachal Pradesh B. Odisha C. Jammu & Kashmir D. Gujrat
A	1-B, 2-C, 3-A, 4-D
B	1-A, 2-B, 3-D, 4-C
C	1-D, 2-B, 3-A, 4-C
D	1-C, 2-B, 3-D, 4-A
E
Answer	A
Instruction
Solution	The correct matches are as follows: Kuldiha Wildlife Sanctuary is located in Odisha. Indira Gandhi Memorial Tulip Garden is located in Jammu & Kashmir. Chail Wildlife Sanctuary is located in Himachal Pradesh. Jambughoda Wildlife Sanctuary is located in Gujarat.